140DAO84220
140DAO84220
(3)來自接地系統(tǒng)混亂時的干擾
接地是提高電子設(shè)備電磁兼容性(EMC)的有效手段之一。正確的接地,既能抑制電磁干擾的影響,又能抑制設(shè)備向外發(fā)出干擾；而錯誤的接地,反而會引入嚴(yán)重的干擾信號,使DCS系統(tǒng)將無法正常工作。
DCS控制系統(tǒng)的地線包括系統(tǒng)地、屏蔽地、交流地和保護(hù)地等。接地系統(tǒng)混亂對DCS系統(tǒng)的干擾主要是各個接地點電位分布不均,不同接地點間存在地電位差,引起地環(huán)路電流,影響系統(tǒng)正常工作。例如電纜屏蔽層必須一點接地,如果電纜屏蔽層兩端A、B都接地,就存在地電位差,有電流流過屏蔽層,當(dāng)發(fā)生異常狀態(tài)如雷擊時,地線電流將更大。
此外,屏蔽層、接地線和大地有可能構(gòu)成閉合環(huán)路,在變化磁場的作用下,屏蔽層內(nèi)有會出現(xiàn)感應(yīng)電流,通過屏蔽層與芯線之間的耦合,干擾信號回路。若系統(tǒng)地與其它接地處理混亂,所產(chǎn)生的地環(huán)流就可能在地線上產(chǎn)生不等電位分布,影響DCS內(nèi)邏輯電路和模擬電路的正常工作。DCS工作的邏輯電壓干擾容限較低,邏輯地電位的分布干擾容易影響DCS的邏輯運(yùn)算和數(shù)據(jù)存貯,造成數(shù)據(jù)混亂、程序跑飛或死機(jī)。模擬地電位的分布將導(dǎo)致測量精度下降,引起對信號測控的嚴(yán)重失真和誤動作。
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